Spring 2015 Closure Module
Q. Although a Professor might teach the  same course say every semester or every year during one semester, each semester  can be considered as a NEW PROJECT; with a new edition of text-book, so additional  new examples and new students; even though the time constraint, cost and scope  might remain almost the same every semester taught. Or just because it is  considered as a routine for a professor, it belongs to a quasi-project or a  non-project? 
A.  One could ask the same question about  a fire department – is each fire a separate “project?”  Your book introduces the concept of a non-project  (that looks like a project) with the distinction, “. preparation of school lunches, the  delivery of mail, the flight of Delta 1288 from Dallas to Dulles, checking your  e-mail, all are non-projects. While one might argue that each of these  activities is, to some degree, unique, it is not their uniqueness that  characterizes them. They are all routine. They are tasks that are performed  over and over again. This is not true of projects. Each project is a one-time  event.” More pertinent to our world are organizations such as the DOT or Corps  of Engineers that do hundreds of project each year.  Do these individual project at some point  become non-projects?   Of course  not.  Although the organization is functional,  each of the projects meets the description of the projects.  And, importantly, although the parent organization  remains largely the same, each project is usually done by a different team with  a different PM.  Don’t get lost with the concept  of quasi-projects.  Let’s work  backwards.  If the management of the  effort would benefit by the application of project tools and managing the triple  constraints – it is a project. 
Q. During the few  projects I have been involved with, people skills also seems to be a huge asset  for a project manager since issues among or between different organizations  involved always seems to pop up. Working in the private sector, have you  experienced that as well or is it just when government and private sector try  to reach a common goal?
  A. Yes, interpersonal  problems are at least as bad in the private world.  But, in the private world, there is usually a  boss somewhere up the food chain who can force people to work together.  But bosses are reluctant to get involved –  “Let them work it out for themselves.”
Q. “The ‘systems approach’ was mentioned on page 11, and I  was curious how this is used in a project. The rest of the sentence states that  when one part of the organization is affect, others will as well.”
  A.  Let’s start with something more  complex, systems dynamics.  Here’s an  explanation.  http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/System_dynamics.   The key to dynamics is that while you  are doing one activity, it affects other activities.  There are mathematical models and programs to  help one simulate this.  (UAF ESM taught  a course in this about 10 years ago.)   While the modeling may be tough – GIGO, the concept is intuitive.  If you market a new product, sell devices,  eventually it will saturate the market.   Thus as times goes on, the demand falls.   If the device used a special battery, the market for the batteries would  follow, but lag.  How would that affect  the market for cadmium for the batteries?   From there Wikipedia has a good explanation.  Now for management thinking in general, the  point is that one activity will have effects on other activities, and that this  effect varies with time.  Having your key  engineering spend all her time on the project will delay the monthly  environmental permit reporting for the functional organization, and so it goes.